What is heatstroke?
A heat stroke really is an emergency call after we have been exposed to the sun for too long, during which we do not sweat enough to lower the body temperature. Especially the elderly, infants, people who work outdoors and those on certain medication are most susceptible to heat strokes. It is a condition that develops rapidly and requires immediate medical treatment.
What causes a heatstroke?
Our bodies produce a tremendous amount of internal heat and we normally cool ourselves by sweating and radiating heat through the skin. However, in certain circumstances, such as extreme heat, high humidity or vigorous activity in the hot sun, this cooling system may begin to fail, allowing heat to build up to dangerous levels. If a person becomes dehydrated and cannot sweat enough to cool their body, their internal temperature may rise to dangerously high levels, causing a heat stroke.
What are the symptoms of a heatstroke?
Headache, dizziness, disorientation, agitation or confusion, sluggishness or fatigue, seizure, hot and dry skin that is flushed but not sweaty, a high body temperature, loss of consciousness, rapid pulse, hallucinations.
How is a heatstroke treated?
Call an emergency doctor immediately as a heat stroke can cause permanent damage or even death. Then get the person indoors, remove clothing and gently apply cool water to the skin, followed by fanning to stimulate sweating, apply ice packs to the groin and armpits, and have the person lie down in a cool area. Intravenous fluids are often necessary to compensate for fluid or electrolyte loss.
How can a heatstroke be prevented?
Drink plenty of fluids. Water and sports drinks are the drinks of choice; avoid tea, coffee, soda and alcohol as these can lead to dehydration. Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing in light colors. Schedule vigorous activity and sports for cooler times of the day. Protect yourself from the sun by wearing a hat, sunglasses and using an umbrella. On very hot and humid days stay indoors as much as possible.
