WHO?
G-d gave the Torah in the presence of all Israel - six hundred thousand male adults, aged 20 to 60, many more older men, and, of course, women and children, together with a multitude of other peoples (erev rav). In all there were several million living witnesses who saw the giving of the Torah on Mount Sinai!
Present also were all the Jewish souls who were ever to come down to live upon this earth. Every one of us then solemnly proclaimed naaseh v'nishma - we shall do and learn. Each one of us was made a party to that sacred covenant between G-d and His people Israel
Where?
Desert: The Torah was given in a desert. A desert is a place owned by no one particular person, everyone has access to it. So too, the Torah is accessible to all; it is our spiritual inheritance of which we may all equally partake.
Mount Sinai: It was one of the humblest mountains (not outstanding in height, girth, beauty, etc.). The humility of a mountain comes to teach us people that humility is a precondition for serving G-d.
On a mountain, and not on flat lands: The reason is that to G-d it would not matter if the Torah would have been given in a meadow, but in order for the Torah to be honored by people, it was only proper that it be given in an impressive place like a mountain. Also, while we avoid personal pride, pride in spiritual matters essential. A mountain symbolizes tremendous and immovable strength. So too, the power of Torah should be constant and uncompromising.
The mountain grew flowers: With the introduction of Torah, the barren wasteland was converted into a lush garden filled with flowers. Thus, the dynamic transformative power of Torah was revealed to even a greater extent than it could have had it been given in an already established manifestation of blessing.
When (did we get the Torah?):
50 days after the Jews left Egypt:. In these days, we grew in holiness and character.
What did we get?
All of the 613 mitzvot were given on that day. Ten of them, the basic ten categories of the Commandments, were written on the Two Tablets. G-d did not give Moshe the Tablets - Luchot on Har Sinai, as many people mistakenly think. G-d only spoke the Aseres Hadibros - 10 commandments, and only later on, after 40 days of Moshe being in heaven, did Moshe bring the Luchos- tablets down from G-d.
