Thyroid disease is a common problem which can cause over- or under-function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is an essential organ for producing thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones, which primarily influence the metabolic rate and protein synthesis. The hormones also have many other effects including those on development.
The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck below the Adam's apple. Thyroid disease can also sometimes lead to enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck, which can cause symptoms that are directly related to the increase in size of the organ (such as difficulty swallowing and discomfort in front of the neck).
Thyroid hormones are important in regulating body energy, body temperature, the body's use of other hormones and vitamins, and the growth and maturation of body tissues.
Diseases of the thyroid gland can result in either production of too much (hyperthyroidism), too little (hypothyroidism) thyroid hormone. Thyroid problems are much more common in women than in men.
Common symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:
- restlessness
- agitation
- anxiety
- tremors
- weight loss despite an increased appetite
- sweating
- rapid heart rate
- intolerance to heat, and
- frequent bowel movements
The symptoms of hypothyroidism can include:
- increased cholesterol levels
- depression
- fatigue
- hair loss
- memory loss
- dry, rough skin
- constipation
To diagnose thyroid diseases your doctor will look at your medical history, perform a physical exam and a thyroid tests. Sometimes a biopsy is necessary. The treatment depends on the problem and may include medicines, radioiodine therapy, or thyroid surgery.
If you suspect you may have those symptoms, don’t hesitate to make an appointment for a further analysis.
