They use the related raw materials for the new projects with or without clients’ approvals.
The table given below shows some real examples for the raw materials used in projects without customer approval. Also, there were fake certificates such as design materials used in quality documentation.
|
Design
Material
|
Actual
(Used) Material
|
|
L250x250x28
- S355J2
|
L254x254x28.6
- CSA350WT 27J@-20C
|
|
L80x80x10
- S355J2
|
L76x76x9.5
- ASTM A572GR50
|
|
L110x110x8
- S355J0
|
L110x110x8
- S355JR
|
|
L90x90x8
- S355J2
|
L90x90x8
- S355JR
|
|
L127x127x15.9
- ASTM A572 GR50
|
L127x127x15.9
- CSA350WT_27J@-20C
|
|
L250x250x28
- S355J2
|
L250x250x28
- CSA350WT_27J@-20C
|
|
L140x140x12
- S355J2
|
L140x140x12
- ASTM A572GR50 27J@-20C
|
|
L80x80x6
- S275J2
|
L80x80x6
- S355J2
|
|
L110x110x8
- S355JR
|
L110x110x8
- S355J0
|
|
RP40x40x4
- S355K2
|
RP40x40x4
- S355J2
|
|
L160x160x17
- S355J2
|
L160x160x17
- S355J0
|
|
L45x45x3
- ASTM A572GR50
|
L44x44x3.2
- CSA350W
|
|
L51x51x3.2
- CSA350W
|
L50x50x3
- ASTM A572GR50
|
|
HEA100
- ASTM A36
|
HEA100
- S355JR
|
|
PL6.4
- ASTM A572GR50
|
PL6
- S355J2
|
|
PL4.8
- CSA350WT
|
PL5
- S355J2
|
This matter can be evaluated in 3 categories.
1- Using of Better-Quality Raw Materials
Some manufacturers occasionally want to use better quality grade raw materials without extra charges to the clients.
Examples
Using of S355 J0 grade material instead of S355 JR grade
Using of ASTM A572GR50 27J@-20C material instead of ASTM A572GR50.
The Clients from Europe, America and Canada accept the similar deviations if the manufacturers explain the application properly and charge no additional cost.
But most of the clients from the Middle East and Africa reject the deviations. In such cases, the manufacturers use the different materials but they document them with fake certificates. Although it isn’t a problem for design, there is no real traceability due to fake documentation.
2- Using of Equivalent-Quality Raw Materials
In these cases, manufacturers use equivalent raw materials with a few mechanical, chemical or dimensional differences.
Examples
Using of L254x254x28.6- CSA350WT 27J@-20C instead of L250x250x28 - S355J2
Using of HEA100 - S355JR instead of HEA100 - ASTM A36
With this way, design and product life can be affected rarely but due to fake documentation, there is no real traceability.
Some manufacturers supply the raw materials in large amounts to take advantage of discounts on bulk purchases from suppliers and use this way to consume them. Also, they can get advantages with their raw material stocks for the short-term projects.
Some manufacturers produce the parts which more than 50000 tons per a year with using of equivalent-quality raw materials without clients’ knowledge.
3- Using of Poor-Quality Raw Materials
These cases are really immoral practices. Design and product life can be affected. Also, due to fake documentation, it is hard to fix the matters on site.
Exp: Using of RP40x40x4 -S355J2 instead of RP40x40x4 -S355K2
