Roses can be a beautiful, easily-grown addition to any yard that
has lots of sun and room for them to grow. (To thrive they need
a minimum of 6-8 hours sunshine.)
But within the rose family there are different groups and classes,
and if you understand these, you’ll have a better understanding
of which roses will work best in your yard, and which ones will
give you the shape, color or fragrance that you are looking for.
Roses are divided into three main groups: antiques, old garden,
and modern. The groups are then divided into classes. These give
us an idea of how a rose will grow, bloom and thrive in a partic-
ular area. Some classes, for example, do best with a heavy pruning
every year, and others are better left alone.
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1. Antique Roses: This class contains roses that were introduced
before 1867, when the first hybrid tea rose, La France, was introdu-
ced. In some cases many of these roses have been grown some-
where on this planet for more than 1000 years. So you could say
those still in production are the ultimate tried and true.
Tea roses are the predecessors of our modern hybrid teas. They
typically have larger blooms full of petals with a high center comm-
on with florist roses. The buds are smaller than hybrid teas and
the stems shorter, but most tea roses have a wonderful light frag-
rance. The bushes tend to be large and round and they bloom heav-
ily in the spring and fall.
China roses are one of my favorite rose classes. They are sturdy
and can bloom nine months out of the year. Generally large shrubs
(with some climbers) they are hardy and drought resistant. This
is one of the classes found on abandoned homesteads throughout
the state.
The best thing about bourbon roses is their amazing, heady frag-
rance. Bourbons can be large shrubs, climbers or smaller more
manageable bushes.
Polyantha roses are smaller bushes, with smaller flowers borne in
clusters at the end of the branches. They bloom profusely and are
very easy to take care of.
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2. Old Garden Roses: Though not technically antiques, these roses
have been around long enough to have proven their mettle in our
tough climate.
Hybrid Musk roses really hit their stride starting in the 1920s. They
are large shrubs that can also be trained as small climbers and can
take five hours of sun a day and still bloom well. They have a nice
musky fragrance and bloom in clusters. My family has several musk
roses that have been passed down for more than 60 years.
Older Hybrid Teas have been around so long that they are now
grouped in with the other antiques and old fashioned roses. They
tend to have longer stems and higher centers than the tea roses.
Some of their blooms, like Peace, can be quite large and showy.
They also have more of an upright, slender growth habit than their
predecessors.
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3. Modern Roses: This is the ‘everything else’ group. These roses
are more recently developed than the previous group, but still contain
some great rose varieties. It is with the modern roses that we start to
see the huge full flowers that florists crave and the vibrant colors not
seen in antique and older roses. Oranges and bright yellows especially
make their mark with the newer introductions.
Shrub roses were never meant to be classified. They were develop-
ed to grow and behave like blooming shrubs. Knock Out roses are
probably the best examples of this class. They are for the most part
disease resistant, fast growing and heavy blooming.
Hybrid Teas and Grandifloras are two classes of roses developed for
their flowers. They have large, full, bright flowers on long stems . . .
perfect for floral arranging. They can require a little more care than
other classes and need yearly hard pruning, but they can’t be beat for
their blooms.
Floribunda roses are best thought of as the original shrub roses. These
are smaller bushes (under 4’ typically) with lots of blooms. They
usually perform very well with little oversight and don’t need much
pruning except to keep their shape.
Here are some of the beautiful roses that we are carrying at the
nursery at present: red and white Knock-Outs, double red Knock-
Outs, Belinda's Dream, Nearly Wild (photo above), drift roses,
Julia Child, red cascade (climbing), Martha Gonzalez and Ducher.
Last but not least an amazing tale of survival known as Peggy Mar-
tin. This rose was discovered after Katrina had ravaged its home-
site, where she had sat for weeks under brackish water only to come
out alive on the other side. This thorn-less, climbing rose has gain-
ed traction over the last 12 seasons because of this resilience and is
a fine addition to any landscape. Happy rose gardening everyone!